A method used to prevent rusting in ships and underground pipelines involves connecting the iron to a block of a more active metal such as magnesium. This method is called cathodic protection. How many moles of magnesium are present in 1 billion (1 x 109) atoms of magnesium?
Difficulty: Medium
Number of atoms = 1 x 109 atoms
Avogadro's number = NA = 6.022 x 1023
Number of moles = $\frac{\text{Number of atoms}}{N_{A}}$
Number of moles = $\frac{1\times10^{9}}{6.022\times10^{23}}$
Number of moles = 0.166 x 109-23
Number of moles = 0.166 X 10-14
Number of moles = 1.66 X 10-15 moles
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